Amashubhu enayiloni, -amashubhu epulasitiki asebenza kahle kakhulu asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini, ezezimoto, emkhathini, nasezindaweni ezivamile, athatha isikhundla esibalulekile ezinhlelweni zezimboni zesimanje ngenxa yokungazweli kahle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokuhuzuka, ukuguquguquka, kanye nezakhiwo ezingasindi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo eziyingqayizivele kanye nokucaciswa okuhlukahlukene, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile izidingo zokuzinza, ukuqina kwe-physicochemical kanye nokuvumelana nezimo ze-physicochemical amashubhu ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokuthutha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo awehliswa kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kahle kwe-supply chain.
Umthelela Wezakhiwo Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali zamashubhu eNyiloni ku-Logistics
Ingxenye eyinhloko yamashubhu enayiloni i-polyamide (PA), isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana esinikeza into enamandla amakhulu, i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, nokumelana okuhle kwezinga lokushisa (ngokuvamile ekwazi ukumelana nezimo zokusebenza ukusuka -ku-40℃kuya ku-120℃). Lezi zakhiwo zinikeza amashubhu enayiloni amandla okumelana nomthelela oqinile kanye nokuqina ezindaweni ezivamile zempahla, kodwa ukuwohloka noma ukuwohloka kokusebenza kusengenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Isibonelo, ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma emisebeni ye-ultraviolet kungabangela ukuphuka kwamaketanga enayiloni, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise amandla omshini wepayipi; kuyilapho ukuthintana nezincibilikisi eziphilayo (njenge-toluene ne-acetone) kungase kubangele ukuvuvukala noma ukuqhekeka kwengcindezi. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yezokuthutha kufanele igweme ngokuqinile izingozi{6}}zokugcinwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuchayeka emoyeni ovulekile, kanye nezinto zokuhamba ezixutshwe nezinto ezibolayo.
Ngokombono wenyama, amashubhu enayiloni ngokuvamile ahlinzekwa ngefomu leshubhu eligoqiwe noma eliqondile, elinamadayamitha angaphandle asuka kumamilimitha ambalwa kuya kumashumi amasentimitha, futhi ubukhulu bodonga buhluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi isicelo. Amashubhu-amancane aguquguqukayo anobubanzi afanele ukupakishwa okuminyene nokokuthutha okunamaphalethi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwawo okuphezulu nokugoba; amakhulu-amashubhu aqinile anobubanzi, ngenxa yokuqina kwawo okukhulu, adinga amafreyimu akhethekile asekelayo ukuze alungiswe ukuze avimbele ukulimala okugobayo okubangelwa ukudlidliza noma ukucindezelwa phakathi nokuhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amashubhu enayiloni angase ambozwe nge-anti{4}}ingqimba yenduku noma i-flame retardant; lawa ma-coatings asebenzayo azwela umswakama futhi adinga umswakama{5}}ukupakishwa kobufakazi ukuvikela ukungena komswakamo.
Amazinga Wokupakisha Nokuvikela Wezinto Zokusebenza Ze-Nylon Tube
Ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho bamashubhu enayiloni ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kwempahla nokuthutha, imboni ngokuvamile isebenzisa-isistimu yokupakisha evikela izendlalelo eziningi. Okokuqala, amashubhu enayiloni awodwa ngokuvamile asongwe ngefilimu ye-polyethylene (PE) ukuvimbela imihuzuko ebusweni. Uma amashubhu amaningi ehlanganiswe ndawonye, izibopho zekhebula enayiloni noma izintambo zokunwebeka zisetshenziswa ukuze ziwavikele, zengezwe izihlukanisi zamakhadibhodi ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahleka kokungqubuzana. Okokuthutha{4}}ibanga elide noma ukuthekelisa, ukupakishwa kwangaphandle kuthuthukiswa nakakhulu ukuze kube amabhokisi kathayela noma amakhreyithi enziwe ngokhuni, anezinto zokupholisa (okufana nokugoqwa kwebhamuza noma igwebu le-polystyrene) agcwaliswe ngaphakathi ukuze amelane nokungqubuzana nomthelela. Kumashubhu enayiloni amakhulu kakhulu, abahlinzeki bempahla badinga ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo iziqukathi zefreyimu eqinile, bavikele amashubhu ngamabhawudi noma ama-airbag aphefumulayo ukuze bagweme ukugudluzwa ngesikhathi sokubhuleka noma ukujika.
Izinhlelo zokuhlonza nazo ziyisici esibalulekile sokuphathwa kwe-nylon tube logistics. Ukupakisha okuthobelayo kufanele kufake ilebula ngokucacile imodeli yomkhiqizo, ubukhulu, inombolo yenqwaba, idethi yokukhiqiza, kanye neziqondiso zokusingatha njengokuthi "Lolu hlangothi Oluphezulu," "Gcina Ukoma," kanye "Nokubamba Ngokunakekela." Ezimpahleni ezithile-ezinobungozi obukhulu, i-MSDS (Ishidi Ledatha Yokuphepha Okubalulekile) nayo iyadingeka ukuze kusetshenziswe inkomba yenkampani yenethiwekhi. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-RFID kuye kwanda kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva, okuvumela{4}}ukulandelela isikhathi sangempela kwendawo yempahla, amarekhodi okushisa kanye nomswakamo, kanye nesimo sokulayisha/ukukhipha ngokuskena amakhodi, ukuthuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukubonakala kwezinto kanye namakhono okuxwayisa ngengozi.
Ukulawulwa Kwemvelo Yezokuthutha kanye Namasu Okunciphisa Ubungozi
I-logistics kanye nokuthuthwa kwamashubhu enayiloni kudinga izimo zemvelo ezifanele ngokusekelwe ezintweni zabo ezibonakalayo. Ezokuthutha emgwaqeni, izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lombhede weloli kufanele ligcinwe liphakathi kuka-5 degrees no-35 degrees ukuze kugwenywe ukukhanya kwelanga ophahleni ngesikhathi sasehlobo, okungaholela emazingeni okushisa asendaweni. Ngesikhathi sokuthutha olwandle, iziqukathi kufanele zigcinwe kude nemithombo yokushisa njengamakamelo enjini, futhi ama-desiccants kufanele abekwe ukulawula umswakama ohlobene ngaphansi kuka-60%. Nakuba ezokuthutha zikaloliwe nezomoya zingathinteki kangako ekuguquguqukeni kwemvelo, kusadingeka zihambisane nemithetho yokuthutha impahla eyingozi{6}}uma igrisi yokucubungula isalela noma isithambisi sihlala kumashubhu enayiloni, zingase zichazwe njengezinto ezisizayo ezivuthayo, lapho kufanele zimenyezelwe kumthwali futhi zigcinwe ezitsheni ezingaqhumi{7}.
Ukuze kubhekwane nezingozi ezingaba khona zezokuthutha, izinkampani zingaqinisa ukuvimbela nokulawula ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo: Okokuqala, khetha abahlinzeki besevisi yezokuthutha abaneziqu zokuthutha umkhiqizo wamakhemikhali ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izimoto, imikhumbi, noma impahla yendiza iyahlangabezana nemibandela yobuchwepheshe yokuthutha imikhiqizo yepulasitiki; okwesibili, ichaze ngokucacile izigaba zesinxephezelo somonakalo wempahla kwinkontileka, ibeka ukuthi{0}}imibiko yokuhlola evela eceleni izosetshenziswa njengesisekelo sezimangalo; okwesithathu, faka umshwalense ogcwele-wenani eliphezulu noma amashubhu enayiloni enziwe ngokwezifiso ukuze ukhokhele ukulahlekelwa okudalwe izinhlekelele zemvelo, izingozi zomgwaqo, noma amaphutha abantu.
Izici zokuhlela zeshubhu enayiloni zincike kuzo zombili izici zobunjiniyela ezingokwemvelo zezinto ngokwazo futhi zithonywa inhlanganisela yobuchwepheshe bokupakisha, indawo yokuhamba, nezinqubo zokuphatha. Ngokuhlaziya ngokwesayensi ukumelana nesimo sezulu, izakhiwo zemishini, nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali eshubhu enayiloni, futhi ukuhlanganisa lokhu nomklamo ojwayelekile wokuvikela ukupakisha kanye nokulawulwa okuqinile kwemvelo yezokuthutha, ubungozi bekhwalithi kunqubo yokuhlelwa kwempahla kungancishiswa ngempumelelo, kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka komkhiqizo kusukela ekukhiqizeni kuya kumsebenzisi wokugcina. Ngokuzayo, ngokusetshenziswa{2}}okujulile kobuchwepheshe bezinto ezihlakaniphile, uchungechunge lokunikezela ngamashubhu enayiloni kulindeleke ukuthi luqhubeke nokufeza intuthuko ebonwayo,{3}ephansi{3}nekhabhoni{3}, kanye nephumelelayo, ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezingcono ezisekelayo ezimbonini ezihlobene.
