Amashubhu enayiloni,{0}}okuphezulu ukusebenza kwamashubhu epulasitiki asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zezimoto, zemishini, namakhemikhali, anenqubo yokukhiqiza okuqinile nobunkimbinkimbi bayo bobuchwepheshe buthinta ngokuqondile ikhwalithi nokusebenza komkhiqizo. Ukukhiqizwa kwamashubhu enayiloni ikakhulukazi kuhilela izinyathelo ezibalulekile ezifana nokulungiswa kwempahla eluhlaza, ukubunjwa kwe-extrusion, ukupholisa nokubunjwa, ukusika ukudonsa, nokuhlola nokupakisha. Isigaba ngasinye sidinga ukulawula okuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo oqediwe uhlangabezana nezindinganiso.
Ukulungiswa kwempahla eluhlaza kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekukhiqizeni. Amashubhu enayiloni ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-PA6 (Inayiloni 6) noma i-PA66 (Inayiloni 66) njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko, enamapulasitiki, ama-stabilizer, noma ama-flame retardants angezwe ngokuvumelana nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Impahla eluhlaza kumele yomiswe ukuze kususwe umswakama, kuvinjwe amabhamuza omoya noma ukuwohloka ngesikhathi sokukhipha nokuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwezinto kanye nokuzinza.
Ukubunjwa kwe-Extrusion kuyinqubo eyinhloko. Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezomisiwe ziyashiswa futhi zincibilike kusetshenziswa i-screw extruder. Ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu (ngokuvamile i-240-280 degree) nokucindezela, ukuncibilika kuqhutshelwa kufa. Umklamo wokufa uthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kobubanzi bangaphandle beshubhu, ukushuba kodonga, nobubanzi bangaphakathi; ngakho-ke, kufanele ilungiswe ngokunembile ngokuya ngemininingwane. Inayiloni encibilikisiwe yakha ukwakheka kweshubhu eqhubekayo esikhunjeni bese ingena ohlelweni lokupholisa.
Ukupholisa nokubunjwa kufinyelelwa kusetshenziswa amanzi noma ukupholisa umoya ukuze kuqiniswe ngokushesha-ukuncibilika kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Amathangi okupholisa amanzi ayindlela evame kakhulu, kusetshenziswa ukulawula izinga lokushisa kwamanzi okunyathelwe ukuvimbela ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okubangelwa ukupholisa okusheshayo, okungase kuthinte izici zemishini. Ishubhu enayiloni epholile kufanele igcine ubukhulu obuzinzile ukuze ibeke isisekelo sokucutshungulwa okulandelayo.
Esigabeni sokudonsa nokusika, ithubhu ikhishwa ngesivinini esiqhubekayo ngomshini wokudonsa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubude obufanayo. Amandla okudonsa kufanele afane nesivinini sokukhipha ukuvimbela ukuwohloka noma ukuphuka. Ngokulandelayo, ishubhu lisikwa ngokunembile libe ngobude obumisiwe umshini wokusika, odinga ukusika okubushelelezi, okune-burr{2}}kwamahhala.
Ekugcineni, umkhiqizo oqediwe uhlolwa ngokucophelela, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo (ubushelelezi, awekho amabhamuza), ukukalwa kobukhulu (ububanzi bangaphandle, ukubekezelela ukushuba kodonga), nokuhlolwa kokusebenza (ukumelana nokucindezela, ukumelana nemihuzuko, ukumelana namakhemikhali). Imikhiqizo efanelekile iyapakishwa futhi igcinwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayonakaliswa ngesikhathi sokuthutha.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza yamashubhu enayiloni ihlanganisa isayensi yezinto zokwakha, ubunjiniyela bemishini, nobuchwepheshe bokulawula ikhwalithi. Ukuphatha ngokucophelela isinyathelo ngasinye kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwaso okuphezulu nempilo ende.
